A relational database system uses SQL as the language for querying and maintaining databases. To see the data of two or more tables together, we need to join the tables; the joining can be further categorized into INNER JOIN, LEFT OUTER JOIN, RIGHT OUTER JOIN, FULL OUTER JOIN, and CROSS JOIN. All these types of joins that we use are actually based on the requirement of the users.
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My team and I were recently tasked with refactoring older data marts, particularly those that were created with SQL Server 2008 in mind. As we all know, SQL Server has undergone significant changes since the release of SQL Server 2008. One of those changes relates to the introduction of columnstore as an alternative to the traditional B-tree index (rowstore). Whilst most of the existing documentation relating to columnstore seem to focus on the benefit of columnstore against data warehouse workloads, in this article I argue that the usage of columnstore index should not be limited to facts and dimensions instead let’s introduce it in our data warehouse staging environments too.
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There are several advantages to using Azure storage irrespective of type. Azure storage is easily scalable, extremely flexible and relatively low in cost depending on the options you choose.
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Terabytes of data, millions of rows; the entire business depends on this — a database administrator’s responsibility is as massive as it sounds. Apart from keeping the data secure, a database administrator also has to keep the system up and running, and restore the data as needed, in case of a failure, with minimal impact to the business.
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The SQL Server Query Processing Engine is the most complex and sophisticated part of SQL Server. This engine has many responsibilities, but one of the most important parts is to design the query execution plan and execute it in a best and most efficient possible manner.
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In this article, we’ll discuss some tips and best practices regarding the design of OLAP cubes in Analysis Services Multidimensional (SSAS). Most tips – if not all – are applicable for SSAS 2008 to 2016 (and later most likely). Since Analysis Services Tabular – the in-memory columnstore OLAP database from Microsoft – is a completely different design experience, it will not be included in this article.
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When storing data in the cloud the main concern companies generally have is whether or not their data is safe. And what can be done to ensure that the following 4 scenarios are addressed:
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You have to agree with me, when public clouds were introduced your thought was that you will never put your production data in there. Our idea was that your data is exposed, insecure and vulnerable. This was not the case back then, it is not case at the moment as well.
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SQL Server Transparent Data Encryption, also known as TDE, is a “data at rest” encryption mechanism that is introduced in SQL Server 2008 as an Enterprise Edition feature. TDE is used to perform a real-time I/O encryption for the SQL Server database data, log, backup and snapshot physical files, rather than encrypting the data itself, using either Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) or Triple DES (3DES) encryption.
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This article is the third and last one of a series of articles that aims to introduce set-based programming approach inside SQL Server, so using Transact SQL. In first article “An introduction to set-based vs procedural programming approaches in T-SQL”, we’ve compared procedural and set-based approaches and came to the conclusion that the second one can facilitate developer or DBA’s life. In second article “From mathematics to SQL Server, a fast introduction to set theory”, we’ve made the parallel between mathematical definition of set theory and its implementation in SQL Server. Now, we’ll discuss about some other features from T-SQL that can’t be left aside when considering sets.
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Microsoft SQL Server has many important features when it comes to file structures. Generally speaking, DBAs often ignore file structures and growth configurations. More specifically, the SQL Server Log files are often left at default values and never touched, even when they begin to cause problems caused. These Log files are important and critical part of the database, especially when it comes to large systems.
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As a database administrator, sometimes you need to identify details about a problem as quickly as possible and being able to build and analyze data for analysis will help you solve the problem. From getting information about the latest backups, to saving information about waits or indexes and comparing that to other captured metrics, we will run into issues where being able to get, store and analyze data are important for decisions to solve urgent problems.
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In a software development life cycle, Code Review plays an integral role in improving the product quality. Having a Code Review Checklist is indispensable since it ensures that the best practices are followed and reviews are performed consistently. It is essential for developers to be aware of the coding guidelines while working on their code changes. Catching a bug early in the process is inexpensive and easier to resolve, than compared with a bug caught later in the game. Having all the common mistakes added to the checklist document is a great way to create awareness and ensure good code quality over a period of time.
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In the previous article of this series “An introduction to set-based vs procedural programming approaches in T-SQL”, we’ve seen from a simple example that we could find actual benefit from learning set-based approach when writing T-SQL code.
In this article, we will carry on in this way by having a look at what a set is and what we can do with it in a mathematical point of view and how it’s implemented and provided to us in SQL Server. We will also have a look at more “realistic” examples using Microsoft’s AdventureWorks database.
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In this article, we will demonstrate how to migrate MySQL tables to SQL Server using the SQL Server Migration Assistant (SSMA) and SSIS. We will give a brief introduction to MySQL and create a table. If you do not have any experience in MySQL, this tutorial will teach you your first steps. After that, we will migrate the created table and existing tables. We will also mention common problems when we migrate tables.
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So much has changed with Reporting Services 2016 but in terms of security it’s the same under the hood and that’s not necessarily a bad thing. SSRS has long had a robust folder & item level security model with the ability to inherit permissions from parent folders, much like SharePoint and windows in general.
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The SSIS Script Task is a very powerful component to use in a SSIS package, and most of the time you can achieve with it what you want. Still, I have faced a few situations where a Script Task was not the best solution. In those cases I made a .NET Console application and executed it from within a SSIS package.
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Most IT professionals started their studies or careers by learning programming languages like Basic, Cobol, C, Pascal, Java and so on. Those languages produce results using a sequence of operations or procedures. For this reason, this approach is called procedural programming.
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There’s a lot of buzz around containers at the moment but not so much in the SQL Server world which I find odd as, to me as a SQL Server DBA, the technology has a lot of benefits that are worth exploring especially when it comes to development environments.
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In the 90s and at the beginning of the 21 century, Linux and Windows were decidedly working at cross purposes
However, starting on 2009, Microsoft started to contribute with code in the Linux Kernel. On 2013, Azure supported Virtual Machines in Ubuntu and later came the support to .NET in Linux, Visual Studio for Linux, PowerShell in Linux, support to monitor Linux server to monitor in SCOM (System Center Operation Manager) and now, the support for SQL Server that is on the previous version when this article was published and it is planned to be released this year (2017). Microsoft is a Platinum member of the Linux Foundation now.
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The last time I wrote an article relating to Team Explorer, I used it to express my unhappiness with Microsoft’s decision to “break from the norm” and not provide us with a standalone installer for Team Explorer 2015. Such a decision affected development teams that uses Team Explorer to store, collaborate and manage SQL Server-related solutions (i.e. T-SQL scripts, SSRS, SSAS, SSIS) into TFS source control. Well, the good news is that it looks like Microsoft has finally heeded the call of bringing back the standalone installer for Team Explorer as Visual Studio 2017 (available from release 26403.00) now contains a standalone Team Explorer 2017 installer.
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I had the opportunity to work and perform various tests with Database Experimentation Assistant (DEA) Technical Preview 1 (DEA v1) and also worked closely to DEA’s development team by reporting some issues and have their feedback on how to solve most of them. Some issues were really bugs and they had them fixed in this new release, the DEA Technical Preview 2 (DEA v2.0).
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For someone new to SQL Server Analysis Services, a decision must be made on whether to use a Multidimensional Cube or Tabular Model. Both types can be installed on the same server, but they must be different instances. That could mean additional license costs. But, with the developer’s edition, both can be installed and reviewed before a production decision is made. Data Source connections are the first step to review with both versions.
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The idea behind this article is to discuss the importance and the implication of SQL Partition and understand the SQL truncate command partitioning enhancements in SQL 2016
One of the biggest challenges for a DBA is to identify the right candidate for table partitioning, as it requires expertise in design and implementation.
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The TOP keyword in SQL Server is a non-ANSI standard expression to limit query results to some set of pre-specified rows. As an argument, it takes 0 to positive Bigint (9223372036854775807) and anything beyond or less gives an error message. TOP without an order by clause, in production, seems buggy because it can produce results in any order depending on the current schema and execution plan. You can also specify a percent with TOP expression which returns only the expression percent of rows from the result set. Float expressions used in TOP percent are rounded up to the next integer value.
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